disprove: implies the successful demonstration by any method of the falsity or invalidity of a claim or argument: the view that one can neither prove or disprove the existence of God.      (demonstrate演示证明implies showing by action, or display of evidence or feeling通过行动证明，或通过展示证据情感(证明)，如demonstrated her prowess with a bow and arrow用弓箭演示了她的技艺，如demonstrated his appreciation in her own way用他独特的方式演示他的鉴赏力，如demonstrated a thoughtful mind展示出他的深思熟虑)


refute: stresses a logical method of disproving and suggests adducing of evidence, bringing forward of witnesses or authorities, and close reasoning: ~d every piece of his argument.


confute: implies reducing an opponent to silence by an overwhelming refutation or by such methods as raillery, denunciation, or sarcasm: a triumphal flight that ~d all of the doubters.  原文提到rail责骂denunciation公开指责sarcasm挖苦，但没有找到confute表示这些意思的例子，因此未译出


rebut: suggests formality of method but not assurance of success in answering an opponent's argument, evidence, or testimony: give the opposing side time to ~.


controvert: stresses BOTH the denial of and the attempt to disprove what is put forward without necessarily implying success in refutation: a thesis that withstood every attempt to ~ it.


disprove反驳: 泛指用任何方法证明某论点虚假无效，refute反驳: 强调引用权威证据，逻辑推理严密，confute反驳驳倒: 表示驳倒，令人无法争辩，rebut反驳: 指正式反驳，未暗示是否成功，controvert争论: 强调否认并反驳，故时间更长


记忆方法: 1）首字母DRCRC，把D想成大，2个CR想成出入即错误<==反驳    "驳"的意思是认为别人的意见不符合事实或没有道理, 说出自己的意见否定别人的意见。驳字本义是往马背上装货卸货，“爻”指上下其手，如驳运是马背运输。"驳回"原指"驮运的货物不被接受，又被驮回去"，引申为意见不被接受被退回，又如反驳，批驳，驳回上诉，不值一驳

         2）反驳的意思是证明为假mean to show or try to show by presenting evidence that something is not true.